摘要:
声音通讯是动物交流个体信息的五大通讯方式之一，围绕鸟类、两栖类、鲸目、翼手目等以声音通讯为主要交流方式的动物相关研究多聚焦在叫声特征、产生机制、物种演化等研究内容。鹿科(Cervidae)动物雄性个体在发情期叫声音调多变，种间差异明显，是研究鹿科动物种间和种内声音变异及解剖学机制的理想群体。文章基于各项国内外鹿科动物发情期的叫声研究，列举雄鹿发情期声音通讯行为的差异，并对发情期叫声进行了分类，总结鹿发声结构研究现状、鹿科动物在雄性竞争与雌性选择中对雄鹿叫声的基频和共振峰的不同偏好，以及基频与共振峰在传达信息时的种间差异。此外，文章还探讨了杂交鹿在叫声发育与性选择偏好演化等方面的研究。
Abstract:
Acoustic communication is one of the five major communication modes for animals to exchange individual information, and most of the related studies focus on the characteristics, generation mechanisms, and species evolution of calls in avian, amphibians, Cetaceans, Chiroptera, and other animals that use acoustic communication as the main mode of communication. The call of male deer during estrus is variable in pitch and varies significantly between species, making it an ideal group for studying inter-and intraspecific vocal variation and its anatomical mechanisms of Cervidea. Based on various studies at home and abroad on rutting calls of Cervidae, this paper listed the differences in vocal communication behavior of males during estrus and classification of the rutting calls, summarized the current status of research on acoustic structure of the deer and the preference of Cervidea for the fundamental frequency and formants of male call in male-male competition and female choice, as well as interspecific differences of the fundamental frequency and formants in transmission of messages. Moreover, the research directions of vocal development and the evolution of sexual selection preferences in hybrid deer were put forward.